[QT6] windeployqt를 통한 환경 exe 파일 구동 설정

개요

프로젝트의 빌드가 제대로 되었어도, qt로 만든 .exe 프로그램이 실행이 안되는 경우가 존재한다.

 

에러 메시지

“Qt6Wdigetsd.dll가 없어 코드 실행을 진행할 수 없습니다. 프로그램을 다시 설치하면 이 문제가 해결될 수 있습니다.” 이런 에러가 발생

 

 

해결 방법

QT응용 프로그램을 배포하려면 그냥 windeployqt를 사용하는 것이 권장되는 것 같다. 빌드 시 생성한 실행파일을 단독으로 실행할 수 있도록 필요한 라이브러리를 exe 파일이 있는 경로에 자동으로 추가해주는 툴이다. Release던 Debug던 이런 현상은 생기는 것 같다.

• 실행파일에서 필요한 QT 모듈 자동 분석
• .dll, .plugins, .qml 등 모든 종속 리소스 복사

공식 문서에 따르면 `QTDIR/bin/windeployqt`에서 windeployqt를 찾을 수 있다고 한다.

 

windeployqt의 실행 화면

Usage: C:\Qt\6.8.3\msvc2022_64\bin\windeployqt.exe [options] [files]
Qt Deploy Tool 6.8.3

The simplest way to use windeployqt is to add the bin directory of your Qt
installation (e.g. <QT_DIR\bin>) to the PATH variable and then run:
  windeployqt <path-to-app-binary>

If your application uses Qt Quick, run:
  windeployqt --qmldir <path-to-app-qml-files> <path-to-app-binary>

Options:
  -?, -h, --help                            Displays help on commandline
                                            options.
  --help-all                                Displays help, including generic Qt
                                            options.
  -v, --version                             Displays version information.
  --dir <directory>                         Use directory instead of binary
                                            directory.
  --qmake <path>                            Use specified qmake instead of
                                            qmake from PATH. Deprecated, use
                                            qtpaths instead.
  --qtpaths <path>                          Use specified qtpaths.exe instead
                                            of qtpaths.exe from PATH.
  --libdir <path>                           Copy libraries to path.
  --plugindir <path>                        Copy plugins to path.
  --translationdir <path>                   Copy translations to path.
  --qml-deploy-dir <path>                   Copy qml files to path.
  --debug                                   Assume debug binaries.
  --release                                 Assume release binaries.
  --pdb                                     Deploy .pdb files (MSVC).
  --force                                   Force updating files.
  --dry-run                                 Simulation mode. Behave normally,
                                            but do not copy/update any files.
  --no-patchqt                              Do not patch the Qt6Core library.
  --ignore-library-errors                   Ignore errors when libraries cannot
                                            be found.
  --no-plugins                              Skip plugin deployment.
  --include-soft-plugins                    Include in the deployment all
                                            relevant plugins by taking into
                                            account all soft dependencies.
  --skip-plugin-types <plugin types>        A comma-separated list of plugin
                                            types that are not deployed
                                            (qmltooling,generic).
  --add-plugin-types <plugin types>         A comma-separated list of plugin
                                            types that will be added to
                                            deployment
                                            (imageformats,iconengines)
  --include-plugins <plugins>               A comma-separated list of
                                            individual plugins that will be
                                            added to deployment (scene2d,qjpeg)
  --exclude-plugins <plugins>               A comma-separated list of
                                            individual plugins that will not be
                                            deployed (qsvg,qpdf)
  --no-libraries                            Skip library deployment.
  --qmldir <directory>                      Scan for QML-imports starting from
                                            directory.
  --qmlimport <directory>                   Add the given path to the QML
                                            module search locations.
  --no-quick-import                         Skip deployment of Qt Quick
                                            imports.
  --translations <languages>                A comma-separated list of languages
                                            to deploy (de,fi).
  --no-translations                         Skip deployment of translations.
  --no-system-d3d-compiler                  Skip deployment of the system D3D
                                            compiler.
  --no-system-dxc-compiler                  Skip deployment of the system DXC
                                            (dxcompiler.dll, dxil.dll).
  --compiler-runtime                        Deploy compiler runtime (Desktop
                                            only).
  --no-compiler-runtime                     Do not deploy compiler runtime
                                            (Desktop only).
  --json                                    Print to stdout in JSON format.
  --no-opengl-sw                            Do not deploy the software
                                            rasterizer library.
  --no-ffmpeg                               Do not deploy the FFmpeg libraries.
  --force-openssl                           Deploy openssl plugin but ignore
                                            openssl library dependency
  --openssl-root <directory>                Directory containing openSSL
                                            libraries.
  --list <option>                           Print only the names of the files
                                            copied.
                                            Available options:
                                             source:   absolute path of the
                                            source files
                                             target:   absolute path of the
                                            target files
                                             relative: paths of the target
                                            files, relative
                                                       to the target directory
                                             mapping:  outputs the source and
                                            the relative
                                                       target, suitable for use
                                            within an
                                                       Appx mapping file
  --verbose <level>                         Verbose level (0-2).

Qt libraries can be added by passing their name (-xml) or removed by passing
the name prepended by --no- (--no-xml). Available libraries:
charts chartsqml concurrent core dbus designer designercomponentsInternal
devicediscoverysupportInternal entrypointInternal exampleiconsInternal
examplesassetdownloaderInternal fbsupportInternal ffmpegmediapluginimplInternal
freetypeInternal gui harfbuzzInternal qthelp jpegInternal labsanimation
labsfolderlistmodel labsplatform labsqmlmodels labssettings labssharedimage
labswavefrontmesh linguist multimedia multimediaquickInternal
multimediatestlibInternal multimediawidgets network opengl openglwidgets
packetprotocolInternal pngInternal printsupport qdoccatchconversionsInternal
qdoccatchgeneratorsInternal qdoccatchInternal qml qmlassetdownloader qmlcompiler
qmlcore qmldebugInternal qmldomInternal qmlintegration qmllocalstorage
qmllsInternal qmlmeta qmlmodels qmlnetwork qmltoolingsettingsInternal
qmltyperegistrarInternal qmlworkerscript qmlxmllistmodel quick quick3d
quick3dassetimport quick3dassetutils quick3deffects quick3dglslparserInternal
quick3dhelpers quick3dhelpersimpl quick3diblbaker quick3dparticleeffects
quick3dparticles quick3druntimerender quick3dspatialaudioInternal quick3dutils
quick3dxr quickcontrols2 quickcontrols2basic quickcontrols2basicstyleimpl
quickcontrols2fluentwinui3styleimpl quickcontrols2fusion
quickcontrols2fusionstyleimpl quickcontrols2imagine
quickcontrols2imaginestyleimpl quickcontrols2impl quickcontrols2material
quickcontrols2materialstyleimpl quickcontrols2universal
quickcontrols2universalstyleimpl quickcontrols2windowsstyleimpl
quickcontrolstestutilsInternal quickdialogs2 quickdialogs2quickimpl
quickdialogs2utils quickeffectsInternal quicklayouts quickparticlesInternal
quickshapesInternal quicktemplates2 quicktest quicktestutilsInternal
quicktimeline quicktimelineblendtrees quickvectorimage
quickvectorimagegeneratorInternal quickwidgets shadertools spatialaudio sql svg
svgwidgets test testinternalsInternal toolsInternal uiplugin uitools widgets xml
zlibInternal

Qt plugins can be included or excluded individually or by type.
To deploy or block plugins individually, use the --include-plugins
and --exclude-plugins options (--include-plugins qjpeg,qsvgicon)
You can also use the --skip-plugin-types or --add-plugin-types to
achieve similar results with entire plugin groups, like imageformats, e.g.
(--add-plugin-types imageformats,iconengines). Exclusion always takes
precedence over inclusion, and types take precedence over specific plugins.
For example, including qjpeg, but skipping imageformats, will NOT deploy qjpeg.

Detected available plugins:

iconengines:
    qsvgicon
assetimporters:
    assimp
designer:
    qaxwidget
    qquickwidget
generic:
    qtuiotouchplugin
networkinformation:
    qnetworklistmanager
imageformats:
    qgif
    qico
    qjpeg
    qsvg
help:
    helpplugin
multimedia:
    ffmpegmediaplugin
    windowsmediaplugin
platforms:
    qdirect2d
    qminimal
    qoffscreen
    qwindows
qmllint:
    quicklintplugin
qmlls:
    qmllsquickplugin
qmltooling:
    qmldbg_debugger
    qmldbg_inspector
    qmldbg_local
    qmldbg_messages
    qmldbg_native
    qmldbg_nativedebugger
    qmldbg_preview
    qmldbg_profiler
    qmldbg_quick3dprofiler
    qmldbg_quickprofiler
    qmldbg_server
    qmldbg_tcp
sqldrivers:
    qsqlite
    qsqlmimer
    qsqlodbc
    qsqlpsql
styles:
    qmodernwindowsstyle
tls:
    qcertonlybackend
    qopensslbackend
    qschannelbackend

Arguments:
  [files]                                   Binaries or directory containing
                                            the binary.

 

위 설명을 읽어보니, 간단하기 사용하려면 windeployqt.exe에 내가 빌드한 프로그램의 exe파일이 있는 경로를 적어주면 되는 것 같았다.

C:\Qt\6.8.3\msvc2022_64\bin\windeployqt.exe .\build\Debug\Lidar-Visualization.exe

 

 

이후 다음과 같은 로그들이 발생하며, 성공적으로 됨을 확인할 수 있었다.

D:\Development\Projects\lidar-visualization\build\Debug\Lidar-Visualization.exe 64 bit, debug executable
Adding in plugin type generic for module: Qt6Gui
Adding Qt6Network for qtuiotouchplugind.dll from plugin type: generic
Adding in plugin type iconengines for module: Qt6Gui
Adding Qt6Svg for qsvgicond.dll from plugin type: iconengines
Adding in plugin type imageformats for module: Qt6Gui
Adding in plugin type networkinformation for module: Qt6Network
Adding in plugin type platforms for module: Qt6Gui
Adding in plugin type styles for module: Qt6Widgets
Adding in plugin type tls for module: Qt6Network
Skipping plugin qopensslbackendd.dll. Use -force-openssl or specify -openssl-root if you want to use it.
Direct dependencies: Qt6Core Qt6Gui Qt6Widgets
All dependencies   : Qt6Core Qt6Gui Qt6Widgets
To be deployed     : Qt6Core Qt6Gui Qt6Network Qt6Svg Qt6Widgets
Warning: Cannot find any version of the dxcompiler.dll and dxil.dll.
Warning: Cannot find Visual Studio installation directory, VCINSTALLDIR is not set.
Updating Qt6Cored.dll.
Updating Qt6Guid.dll.
Updating Qt6Networkd.dll.
Updating Qt6Svgd.dll.
Updating Qt6Widgetsd.dll.
Updating opengl32sw.dll.
Updating D3Dcompiler_47.dll.
Creating directory D:/Development/Projects/lidar-visualization/build/Debug/generic.
Updating qtuiotouchplugind.dll.
Creating directory D:/Development/Projects/lidar-visualization/build/Debug/iconengines.
Updating qsvgicond.dll.
Creating directory D:/Development/Projects/lidar-visualization/build/Debug/imageformats.
Updating qgifd.dll.
Updating qicod.dll.
Updating qjpegd.dll.
Updating qsvgd.dll.
Creating directory D:/Development/Projects/lidar-visualization/build/Debug/networkinformation.
Updating qnetworklistmanagerd.dll.
Creating directory D:/Development/Projects/lidar-visualization/build/Debug/platforms.
Updating qwindowsd.dll.
Creating directory D:/Development/Projects/lidar-visualization/build/Debug/styles.
Updating qmodernwindowsstyled.dll.
Creating directory D:/Development/Projects/lidar-visualization/build/Debug/tls.
Updating qcertonlybackendd.dll.
Updating qschannelbackendd.dll.
Creating D:\Development\Projects\lidar-visualization\build\Debug\translations...
Creating qt_ar.qm...
Creating qt_bg.qm...
Creating qt_ca.qm...
Creating qt_cs.qm...
Creating qt_da.qm...
Creating qt_de.qm...
Creating qt_en.qm...
Creating qt_es.qm...
Creating qt_fa.qm...
Creating qt_fi.qm...
Creating qt_fr.qm...
Creating qt_gd.qm...
Creating qt_he.qm...
Creating qt_hr.qm...
Creating qt_hu.qm...
Creating qt_it.qm...
Creating qt_ja.qm...
Creating qt_ka.qm...
Creating qt_ko.qm...
Creating qt_lg.qm...
Creating qt_lv.qm...
Creating qt_nl.qm...
Creating qt_nn.qm...
Creating qt_pl.qm...
Creating qt_pt_BR.qm...
Creating qt_ru.qm...
Creating qt_sk.qm...
Creating qt_tr.qm...
Creating qt_uk.qm...
Creating qt_zh_CN.qm...
Creating qt_zh_TW.qm...

 

 

 

참고 자료

https://doc.qt.io/qt-6/windows-deployment.html

https://1d1cblog.tistory.com/107